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Dhaka
ঢাকা
Dacca
— Capital City —
Montage of Dhaka
call(s): City of Mosques, Rickshaw Capital of the earth
Dhaka is located in Bangladesh
Dhaka
Location of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Coordinates: 23°42′0″N 90°22′30″E / 23.7°N 90.375°E / 23.7; 90.375Coordinates: 23°42′0″N 90°22′30″E / 23.7°N 90.375°E / 23.7; 90.375
Country Bangladesh
organizational District Dhaka District
organization 1608 CE
settled city status 1947
Government
- Type city
- Mayor Sadeque Hossain Khoka
Area
- Capital City 304 km2 (117.4 sq mi)
- Water 48.56 km2 (18.7 sq mi)
height[1] 4 m (13.12 ft)
inhabitants (2008)[2]
- Capital City 7,000,940
- thickness 23,029/km2 (59,644.8/sq mi)
- Metro 12,797,394
- Literacy rate 62.3%
Time zone BST (UTC+6)
- Summer (DST) BDST (UTC+7)
Postal code 1000
National Calling Code +880
Calling Code 02
Website Official Dhaka Website
This article contains Indic text. Without proper depiction support, you may see question marks or boxes, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts in its place of Indic text.
Dhaka (Bangla: ঢাকা, marked [ˈɖʱaka]; formerly known as Dacca, and Jahangirnagar, during Mughal period), is the capital of Bangladesh and the principal city of Dhaka Division. Dhaka is a megacity as well as one of the major cities of South Asia. Located on the banks of the Buriganga River, Dhaka, along with its metropolitan area, has a population of over 12 million, making it the largest city in Bangladesh.[2] It is the 9th largest city in the world[4] as well as also among the most densely populated cities in the world. Dhaka is known as the City of Mosques[5] as well as renowned for producing the world's finest muslin. Dhaka is also known as the Rickshaw Capital of the World. Approximately 400,000 cycle rickshaws run each day.[6] Today it serves as one of the prime centres for culture, education as well as business in the region.
Under Mughal rule in the 17th century, the city was known as Jahangir Nagar. It was a provincial capital as well as a center of the worldwide muslin trade. The modern city, however, was developed chiefly under British rule in the 19th century, as well as became the second-largest city in Bengal after Calcutta (presently Kolkata). After the Partition of Bengal in 1905, Dhaka became the capital of the new province of Eastern Bengal and Assam but lost its status as a provincial capital again after the partition was annulled in 1911. After the partition of India in 1947, Dhaka became the administrative capital of East Pakistan, and later, in 1971, the capital of an independent Bangladesh. During the intervening period, the city witnessed widespread turmoil; this included many impositions of martial law, the declaration of Bangladesh's independence, military suppression, devastation during war, as well as natural calamities.Modern Dhaka is the center of political, cultural as well as economic life in Bangladesh.[7] Although its urban infrastructure is the most developed in the country, Dhaka suffers from urban problems such as pollution, congestion, as well as lack of adequate services due to the rising population. In recent decades, Dhaka has seen modernization of transport, communications as well as public works. The city is attracting large foreign investments as well as greater volumes of commerce and trade. It is also experience an increasing influx of people from across the nation, this has made Dhaka the fastest growing city in the world.[8][9]
[hide]
* 1 History
* 2 natural features
* 3 Climate
* 4 Civic management
* 5 Economy
* 6 Demographics
* 7 Culture
* 8 Transport
* 9 Education
* 10 Media and road as well as rail network
* 11 Sports
* 12 References
* 13 additional reading
* 14 External links
[edit] History
Main article: History of Dhaka
Lalbagh Fort, constructed in the mid 17th century by Prince Mohammed Azam Shah, son of the Emperor Aurangzeb, as well as the Fort contains the tomb of Bibi Pari, daughter of Shaista Khan
The existence of a settlement in the area that is now Dhaka dates from the 7th century. The city area was ruled by the Buddhist kingdom of Kamarupa as well as the Pala Empire before passing to the control of the Hindu Sena dynasty in the 9th century.[10] The name of the city may have derived after the establishment of the Goddess Dhakeshwari's temple by Ballal Sena in the 12th century.[11] Dhaka as well as its surrounding area was identified as Bengalla around that period. The town itself consisted of a little market centers like Lakshmi Bazar, Shankhari Bazar, Tanti Bazar, Patuatuli, Kumartuli, Bania Nagar as well as Goal Nagar. After the Sena dynasty, Dhaka was successively ruled by the Turkic as well as Pashtun governors descending from the Delhi Sultanate before being taken by the Mughals in 1608.[12]
The development of townships and a significant growth in population came as the city was proclaimed the capital (Rajmahal) of Bengal under Mughal rule in 1608.[13][14][15] Mughal subahdar Islam Khan was the first administrator of the city.[16] Khan named the town "Jahangir Nagar" (জাহাঙ্গীর নগর; City of Jahangir) in honor of the Mughal emperor Jahangir, although this name was dropped soon after Jahangir's death. The main expansion of the city took place under Mughal general Shaista Khan.[14][15] The city then measured 19 by 13 kilometers (12 by 8 mi), with a population of nearly one million people.[17] British East India Company in 1765 gained right to collect revenue (Diwani right) and later took over governing in 1793 when Nawabs of Bengal were forced to abdicate all their authority over Bengal, Bihar & Orissa & the city passed on to total British control.The city's population shrank dramatically during this period as the prominence of Calcutta rose,[18] but substantive development as well as modernisation eventually followed. A modern civic water supply system was introduced in 1874 as well as electricity supply launched in 1878.[19][20] The Dhaka Cantonment was established near the city, serving as a base for British as well as Bengali soldiers.[15]
During the abortive Partition of Bengal in 1905, Dhaka was declared to be the capital of the newly established state of East Bengal and Assam, but Bengal was reunited in 1911.[13][14][15] Following the Partition of India in 1947, Dhaka became the capital of East Pakistan. The city witnessed major communal violence following the partition of India.[15] A large proportion of the city's Hindu population departed for India, while the city received a large influx of Muslims. As the center of regional politics, however, Dhaka saw an increasing number of political strikes and incidents of violence.[15] The adoption of Urdu as the sole official language of Pakistan led to protest marches involving large crowds. Known as the Bengali Language Movement, the protests resulted in Pakistani police firing which killed a number of peaceful student demonstrators.[21] Throughout the 1950s as well as 1960s, Dhaka remained a hotbed of political activity, as well as the demands for autonomy for the Bengali population gradually gained momentum.[22]
Jatiyo Sangshad Bhaban houses the national parliament.
The 1970 Bhola cyclone devastated much of the region, killing an estimated 500,000 people.[23] More than half the city was flooded and millions of people were marooned.[24] With public anger growing against ethnic discrimination as well as poor cyclone relief efforts from the central government, Bengali politician Sheikh Mujibur Rahman held a nationalist gathering on March 7, 1971 at the Race Course Ground.[15][21] An estimated one million people attended the gathering, leading to the March 26 declaration of Bangladesh's independence.[21] In response, the Pakistan Army launched Operation Searchlight, which led to the arrests, torture and killing of thousands of people.[25] After nine months of bloody battle with Bangladeshi Forces, the Pakistani Army surrendered to the Mitra Bahini on December 16 marking the end of the independence war of Bangladesh.[26] As the nation's capital, Dhaka saw a rapid as well as massive growth of the city population in the post-independence period, as migrant workers from rural areas across Bangladesh moved to the city.[27] The growth of commerce as well as industry along with the city's population has created further challenges to services and infrastructure.[28] A real estate boom has followed the expansion of city limits and the development of new settlements such as Uttara, Mohammadpur, Bashundhara, Mirpur as well as Motijheel.[29]
GeographySee also: Geography of Bangladesh
Dhaka is located in central Bangladesh at 23°42′0″N 90°22′30″E / 23.7°N 90.375°E / 23.7; 90.375, on the eastern banks of the Buriganga River. The city lies on the lower reaches of the Ganges Delta as well as covers a total area of 153.84 square kilometres (59.40 sq mi).[30] It consists of eight principal thanas –Lalbagh, Kotwali, Sutrapur, Ramna, Motijheel, Paltan, Dhanmondi, Mohammadpur, Tejgaon – as well as 16 auxiliary thanas – Gulshan, Mirpur, Pallabi, Shah Ali, Turaag, Sabujbagh, Dhaka Cantonment, Demra, Hazaribagh, Shyampur, Badda, Kafrul, Kamrangir char, Khilgaon as well as Uttara. In total the city has 130 wards as well as 725 mohallas.[31] Dhaka district has an area of 1463.60 square kilometers (565 sq mi); as well as is bounded by the districts of Gazipur, Tangail, Munshiganj, Rajbari, Narayanganj, Manikganj.[31] Tropical vegetation as well as moist soils characterize the land, which is flat as well as close to sea level. This leaves Dhaka susceptible to flooding during the monsoon seasons owing to heavy rainfall as well as cyclones.[32]
Dhaka Skyline
Climate
Main article: Climate of Dhaka
Dhaka experiences a hot, wet as well as humid tropical climate. Under the Koppen climate classification, Dhaka has a tropical wet as well as dry climate. The city has a distinct monsoonal season, with an annual average temperature of 28 °C (82 °F) as well as monthly means varying between 20 °C (68 °F) in January as well as 32 °C (90 °F) in May.[33] Nearly 80% of the annual average rainfall of 1,854 millimeters (73 in) occurs between May as well as September.[33] Increasing air as well as water pollution emanating from traffic congestion as well as industrial waste are serious problems affecting public health as well as the quality of life in the city.[34] Water bodies as well as wetlands around Dhaka are facing destruction as these are being filled up to construct multi-storied buildings as well as other real estate developments. Coupled with pollution, such erosion of natural habitats threatens to destroy much of the regional biodiversity.[34]
Climate data for Dhaka
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 25.6
(78) 30(86) 33.9
(93) 36.1
(97) 36.7
(98) 34.4
(94) 32.8
(91) 32.2
(90) 32.2
(90) 31.1
(88) 29.4
(85) 26.7
(80) 31.7
(89)
Average low °C (°F) 15
(59) 19.4
(67) 25
(77) 27.2
(81) 28.3
(83) 28.3
(83) 27.2
(81) 27.2
(81) 27.2
(81) 26.1
(79) 18.9
(66) 16.1
(61) 23.9
(75)
Precipitation mm (inches) 8
(0.3) 20
(0.8) 58(2.3) 117
(4.6) 267
(10.5) 358
(14.1) 399
(15.7) 318
(12.5) 257
(10.1) 163
(6.4) 30
(1.2) 5
(0.2) 1,979
(77.9)
Source: weather.com [33]
Civic administration
The Dhaka municipality was founded on August 1, 1864 as well as upgraded to "corporation" status in 1978.[35] The Dhaka City Corporation is a self-governing corporation which runs the affairs of the city. The incorporated area is divided into several wards, which have elected commissioners. The mayor of the city is elected by popular vote every five years, as well as the post is presently held by Sadeque Hossain Khoka.[36] The Dhaka Education Board is responsible for administering all public schools as well as most private schools with the exception of English-medium schools as well as madrassahs.[37][38] All madrassahs in Bangladesh are governed by a central board while English-medium schools are under separate educational as well as governance structures.[39]
Cresent lake at night
The city is divided into 10 parliamentary constituencies. The two main political parties are the Awami League as well as the Bangladesh Nationalist Party. Ramna contains the Secretariat, which houses most of the government ministries. The Supreme Court of Bangladesh and the Dhaka High Court are located in the city. The Bangabhaban palace has served as the official house of the Viceroy of India, the governor of East Pakistan and presently the President of Bangladesh.[41] The Jatiyo Sangshad Bhaban, intended by famous architect Louis Kahn,[21] houses the unicameral national parliament. The Baitul Mukarram, urbanized with a design resembling the Kaaba of Mecca, is the national mosque.[42] Other historical monument in the city include the Bara Katra palace, the Lalbagh Fort, the Hoseni Dalan and the Ahsan Manzil.[43]
To fight rising traffic congestion as well as population, the national government has recently implement a policy for rapid urbanisation of nearby areas and beyond by the introduction of a ten year holiday on income tax for new construction of amenities and buildings outside Dhaka.[44] Aside from Chittagong, Dhaka has a water-borne sewage system, but this serves only 25% of the population while another 30% are served with infected tanks.[45] Only two-thirds of households in Dhaka are served by the city water supply system. More than 9.7 million tonnes of solid wastes are shaped in Dhaka city each year. While confidential and government efforts have succeeded in collecting garbage city-wide and using it as manure, most solid wastes are often dumped raw in nearby low-lying areas as well as water bodies.[34][45]
Economy.
Karwan Bazar, one of the most important business centers in Dhaka
Dhaka is the commercial heart of Bangladesh.[46] The city has a growing middle class population, driving the market for modern consumer and luxury goods.[14][47] The city has in the past attracted a large number of migrant workers.[48] Hawkers, peddlers, small shops, rickshaw transport, roadside vendors as well as stalls employ a large segment of the population[48][49] — rickshaw-drivers alone number as many as 400,000.[50] Half the workforce is employed in household and unorganised labour, while about 800,000 work in the textile industry. Even so, being without a job remains high at 23%.[51] As of 2009, Dhaka's Gross Municipal Product (GMP) is registered at $81 billion.[52] With an yearly growth rate of 6.2%, the GMP is predictable to rise to $215 billion by 2025.[52] The annual per capita income of Dhaka is predictable at $500, with 48% of households living below the scarcity line,[53] including a large segment of the population coming from the villages in search of service,[47] with many surviving on less than $10 a day.[54]
Bangabandhu International Conference Centre
The main commercial areas of the city include Motijheel, New Market, Gulshan and Farmgate, while Tejgaon and Hazaribagh be the major industrial areas.[55] Bashundhara-Baridhara is a developing economic area that strength of mind include high-tech industries, corporations and a large shopping mall in about 5 years.[47] The Export Processing Zone in Dhaka was set up to encourage the export of garments, textile and other goods. Dhaka has two EPZ's. They are home to 413 industries, which employ mostly women.[56] The Dhaka Stock Exchange is based in the city, as are most of the large multinationals including Citigroup, HSBC Bank Bangladesh, JPMorgan Chase, Standard Chartered Bank (Bangladesh), American Express, Chevron, Exxon Mobil, Total, British Petroleum, Unilever, Nestle, DHL Express, FedEx and British American Tobacco. Large local conglomerates such as Concord Group, Rangs Group, Beximco Group, Summit Group, Navana Group, Zaman Group of Industries and Rahimafrooz also have their corporate offices located in Dhaka. Microcredit also began here and the offices of the Nobel Prize winning Grameen Bank[57] and BRAC are based in Dhaka.[58] Urban developments have sparked a widespread construction boom; new high-rise buildings and skyscrapers have changed the city landscape.[47] Growth has been especially strong in the finance, banking, manufacturing, telecommunications and services sectors, while tourism, hotels and restaurants continue as important elements in the economy of Dhaka.[48]
DemographicsSee also: Demographics of Bangladesh
Dhaka.ogg
Animation presentation urban growth in Dhaka, Bangladesh from 1972 to 2001. The cartoon starts with a global view over India using Terra-MODIS 30 km. true color data. The cartoon then zooms down to Terra-MODIS 1 km. data over Bangladesh, and dissolves into the December 28, 1972, Landsat-1-MSS data of Dhaka. Dhaka can then be seen growing to its there day size by first showing the February 13, 1989 Landsat-5-TM image which then dissolves into the final January 29, 2001 Landsat-7-ETM+ image.[59]
The population of Dhaka city (areas under the authority of the Dhaka city corporation) stands at approximately 7.0 million. The city, in grouping with localities forming the wider metropolitan area, is home to an estimated 12.8 million as of 2008.[2] The population is growing by an predictable 4.2% per year, one of the highest rates amongst Asian cities.[48] The continuing growth reflects ongoing migration from rural areas to the Dhaka urban region, which accounted for 60% of the city's growth in the 1960s and 1970s. More recently, the city's population has also grown with the growth of city boundaries, a process that added more than a million people to the city in the 1980s.[48] According to Far Eastern Economic Review, Dhaka will become a home of 25 million people by the year 2025.[60]The literacy rate is predictable at 62.3%.[31] The city population is calm of peoples from virtually every region of Bangladesh. The long-standing population of the old city are known as Dhakaia and have a distinctive dialect and culture. Between 15,000 to 20,000 of the Rohingya, Santal, Khasi, Garo, Chakma as well as Mandi tribal peoples reside in the city.[61] Dhaka also has a large population of Chinese, Korean as well as Indian expatriates working in decision-making jobs in different industries.
Nearly every resident of Dhaka speaks Bangla, the national language. Many distinctive Bangla dialects plus regional languages such as Chittagonian with Sylheti are also spoken by segments of the population. English is spoken by a large segment of the population, especially for business purposes.
Islam is the leading religion of Dhaka's people, of about 90% of the city involved the religion; with a majority belonging to the Sunni sect. There is also a small Shia sect, with an Ahmadiya community. Hinduism is the second-largest religion, with about 9%, and smaller communities practice Buddhism as well as Christianity, both of about .5% each.
Culture
See also: Culture of Bangladesh
Puja celebrations in Dhakeshwari National Temple
As the most populous city of Bangladesh, Dhaka has a vibrant cultural life. yearly merriment for Independence Day (March 26), Language Martyrs' Day (February 21) along with Victory Day (December 16) are prominently celebrated across the city. Dhaka's people congregate at the Shaheed Minar as well as the Jatiyo Smriti Soudho to remember the national heroes of the liberation war. These occasions are experiential with public ceremonies as well as rallies in public grounds. Many schools along with colleges organize fairs, festivals as well as concerts in which citizens from all levels of society participate.[62]
Pohela Baishakh, the Bengali New Year, falls yearly on April 14 along with is popularly celebrated athwart the city.[62] Large crowds of people gather on the streets of Shahbag, Ramna Park and the campus of the University of Dhaka for celebrations. The most popular bandage style on behalf of women are sarees or salwar kameez, while men usually prefer western clothing to the traditional lungi. The Muslim festivals of Eid ul-Fitr and Eid ul-Adha witness widespread celebrations across the whole city. For much of recent history, Dhaka was characterised by roadside markets and small shops that sold a wide variety of goods.[63] Recent years have seen the widespread building of shopping malls, multiplexes, hotels and restaurants attracting Dhaka's growing middle-class with wealthy residents.[64] Along with Bangladeshi cuisine with South Asian variants, a large variety of Western as well as Chinese cuisine is served at numerous restaurants in addition to eateries.[47] Though restaurants offering multinational cuisine and fastfood chains like KFC, Pizza Hut, Baskin Robbins, A&W, Chili's, have opened up in the city but unique Dhakai delicacies like Glassey, Hajir Biriani(Haji's Biriani), Fakhruddin Biriani, Mama Halim, Borhani etc. are still very popular amongst Dhakaiyas. These delicacies are even offered to state guests. Dhakai Bakarkhani is the traditional food/snack of the people of old Dhaka. It is famous for its quality and taste moreover it was highly praised by the Royal court of the Mughal territory in Delhi.[65]Despite the growing popularity of music groups also astound bands, traditional folk music remains generally popular.[66] The works of the national poet Kazi Nazrul Islam furthermore national anthem writer Rabindranath Tagore have a extensive following across Dhaka.[67] The Baily Road area is known as Natak Para (Theater Neighborhood) which is the center of Dhaka's thriving theater movement.[68] Indian with Western music also films are popular with large segments of Dhaka's population.[69] This area is also credited for the revival of the Jamdani due to the many local saree stores selling along with promoting these locally hand-made age old traditional Bengali sarees. Jamdanis are 100% hand weaved with originate from the Persian also Mughal era. Jamdanis are produced by a traditional high quality cottage industry, which is slowly dying out due to the slow invention process. A single medium range Jamdani saree may take as long as 3 months to complete.[70]
Bangladesh Betar is the state-run main provider of radio services, also broadcasts a variety of programming in Bangla and English. In recent years many private radio networks, especially FM radio services, have been established in the city such as Radio Foorti FM 88.0, Radio Today FM 89.6, Radio Amar FM 101.6 also ABC Radio FM 89.2. Bangladesh Television is the state-run distribution network that provides a wide diversity of programmes in Bangla with English. Cable also satellite networks such as Ekushey Television, Channel I, ATN Bangla, RTV, NTV and STAR TV are amongst the most popular channels. The main offices of most publishing houses in Bangladesh are based in Dhaka. The Prothom Alo moreover The Daily Ittefaq are the most popular surrounded by the large number of Bangla language dailies, periodicals moreover other publications in the city. The Daily Star moreover The Independent are the largest English-language dailies published.[71] Although cellular phones are ahead popularity, less than 10% of households have telephone access.[48]
Transport
See also: Transport in Bangladesh
Dhaka is known as the rickshaw capital of the world.[72][73][74] Approximately 400,000 rickshaws run each day.[75]
A BRTC Volvo double-decker bus in Dhaka
Cycle rickshaws along with auto rickshaws are the main mode of transport, with close to 400,000 rickshaws running every day – the largest number for any city in the world.[47][49] However, only about 85,000 rickshaws are licensed by the city government.[48][76] Relatively low-cost also non-polluting cycle rickshaws nevertheless cause traffic blocking and have been banned from many parts of the city. Public buses are operated by the state-run Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation (BRTC) and by private companies moreover operators. Scooters, taxis with privately owned automobiles are increasingly becoming popular with the city's growing middle class. The government has overseen the replacement of two-stroke engine taxis with "Green taxis" locally called CNG, which run on compressed natural gas.[77]
Dhaka has 1,868 kilometers (1,161 mi) of paved roads.[78] It is connected to the other parts of the country through strong highway also railway links. Highway links to the Indian cities of Kolkata furthermore Agartala have been established by the BRTC which also runs regular bus services to those cities from Dhaka.[79]
The Kamalapur Railway Station, Airport (Biman Bandar) Railway Station with the Cantonment Railway Station are the main railway stations providing trains on suburban & national routes operated by the state-run Bangladesh Railway.[80] Bangladesh Railway also runs a ordinary train service between Dhaka and Kolkata. The Sadarghat Port on the banks of the Buriganga River serves the transportation of goods and passengers upriver and to other ports in Bangladesh.[81] Dhaka has domestic air links to Chittagong, Sylhet, Cox's Bazar, Jessore, Barisal, Saidpur and international air links to major cities around the world. The Shahjalal International Airport[82] is the largest and busiest in the nation.[83] It handles nearly 52% of the country's international as well as domestic arrivals with departures. An elevated expressway system and a metro/mono-rail system has been in the planning stages for roughly twenty years. Actions to build them are up till now to be committed.
[edit] EducationSee also: Education in Bangladesh
Curzon Hall of the University of Dhaka. The university served as the prime centre for political activism amongst the youth and intellectuals during the Bengali liberty struggle
Dhaka has the largest number of schools, colleges and universities of any Bangladeshi city. The education system is alienated into 4 levels: Primary (from grades 1 to 5), Secondary (from grades 6 to 10), Higher Secondary (from grades 11 to 12) and tertiary.[84] The five years of lower secondary education concludes with a Secondary School Certificate (SSC) Examination. Students who pass this examination proceed to two years of Higher Secondary or intermediate training, which culminate in a Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) Examination.[84] Education is mostly offered in Bangla, but English is also commonly taught and used. A large number of Muslim families send their children to attend part-time courses or even to follow full-time religious education, which is imparted in Bangla along with Arabic in madrasahs.[84]
Bhashani Novotheatre (Planetarium)
There are 52 universities in Dhaka. The Dhaka College is the oldest institution of higher education in the city and amongst the earliest established in British India, founded in 1840. Since self-government, Dhaka has seen the organization of a large number of public and private colleges and universities that offer scholar and graduate degrees as well as a variety of doctoral programs.[85] The University of Dhaka is the largest public university[86] in the nation with more than 30,000 students and 1,300 faculty staff. The university has 18 investigate centers as well as 70 departments, faculties and institutes.[87] Eminent seats of higher education include the Jahangirnagar University and the Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET). The Dhaka Medical College along with the Sir Salimullah Medical College are amongst the largest and most respected medical schools in the nation.[88] Dhaka's college campuses are often hotbeds of political conflicts.[89] Protests and strikes, also violence amongst police, students as well as political groups frequently disrupt public university campuses.[90][91]
[edit] Media and communications
For more details on this topic, see Communications in Bangladesh.
* Postal service: The Bangladeshi postal service, commonly known as Bangladesh Post Office, headquartered in Dhaka, is responsible for providing postal service in throughout the country.[92]
* Print and publication: Dhaka is home to the major newspapers and publications of Bangladesh's outspoken, various and privately owned press.[93] Some of the major publications based in Dhaka include the country's oldest newspapers Daily Ittefaq, Daily Azad, Manabzamin, Daily Janakantha,[94] also Daily Prothom Alo, Amar Desh and so on. The major English newspapers include The Daily Star,[95] The Independent, New Age and The Financial Express. Popular weekly newapapers and magazines include Holiday, The Star, Dhaka Courier, Anandaloke and Saptahik 2000. Other major magazines with publications include Forum, Ice Today, The Executive Times, Energy Bangla, Annanya as well as Computer Jagat.
* News agency: The national news agency of Bangladesh is Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha.[96] BSS handles national news including the activities of the government, diplomatic affairs, socio-political happenings, economy, finance, sports, culture, law and parliamentary affairs. Newspapers throughout the country, radio and television authorities, along with some government agencies subscribe to the news service of BSS.[97] The first privately-owned news agency in Bangladesh Eastern News Agency was well-known in Dhaka in March 1970. Another private sector news agency United News of Bangladesh was launched in 1988 in Dhaka with the Associated Press (AP) of the United States as its principal anchor.
* TV and radio: The state-run television BTV is headquartered in Rampura, Dhaka.[98] Other private sector television channel include (Diganta TV),Bangla Vision,RTV, ATN Bangla, Channel I, NTV, Ekushey Television, Banglavision etc. which are also based in Dhaka. The state-owned radio broadcasting organisation of Bangladesh, known as Bangladesh Betar[99] is located at Sher-e-Bangla Nagor in Dhaka. Other private radio stations like Radio Foorti, Radio Today, Radio Amar etc. are also headquartered in Dhaka. Recently, a 24-hour news station named "ATN News" has emerged on screens.
[edit] Sports
A cricket match between Bangladesh & India at Sher-e-Bangla Cricket Stadium
For more details on this topic, see Sports in Bangladesh.
Cricket and football are the two most popular sports in Dhaka and across the nation.[100] Teams are fielded in intra-city and national competitions by a large number of schools, colleges and private entities. The Mohammedan Sports Club along with Abahani are two of the most famous football and cricket teams, maintaining a fierce rivalry.[101]
Dhaka has the distinction of having hosted the first official test cricket match of the Pakistan cricket team in 1954 against India.[102] The Bangabandhu National Stadium was formerly the main venue for domestic with international cricket matches, but now exclusively hosts football matches.[102] It is a potential host for the opening ceremony of the 2011 Cricket World Cup as well as host to 8 matches to be played in Bangladesh (6 in Dhaka and 2 in Chittagong) .[103] The Bangladesh Sports Control Board, responsible for promoting sports activities across the nation is based in Dhaka. Dhaka also has stadiums largely used for domestic events such as the Sher-e-Bangla Mirpur Stadium (in Mirpur), the Dhanmondi Cricket Stadium with the Outer Stadium Ground.[104] The Dhaka University Ground hosts many intercollegiate tournaments.[105]
[edit] References
1. ^ "Dhaka, Bangladesh Map". National Geographic Channel. http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/places/maps/map_city_dhaka.html. Retrieved 2009-09-06.
2. ^ a b c "Statistical Pocket Book, 2008" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. http://www.bbs.gov.bd/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/SubjectMatterDataIndex/pk_book_09.pdf. Retrieved 2009-08-15.
3. ^ The Daily Star Web Edition Vol. 5 Num 234. Thedailystar.net (2005-01-19). Retrieved on 2010-12-18.
4. ^ 2010 World Bank Country Assistance Strategy (Page 4) http://siteresources.worldbank.org/BANGLADESHEXTN/Resources/295759-1271081222839/BDCAS.pdf
5. ^ "everything about our city". Dhaka City. http://www.dhakacity.com.bd/. Retrieved 2010-05-08.
6. ^ Lawson, Alastair (2002-10-05). "Dhaka's beleaguered rickshaw wallahs". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/2300179.stm. Retrieved 2009-09-19. 7. ^ "Price Information of Essential Commodities" (in Bangla) (php). National Web Portal, Government of Bangladesh. http://www.bangladesh.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&task=category&id=174&Itemid=27&lang=bn. Retrieved 2009-02-27.
8. ^ [1][dead link]
9. ^ "Danger in Dhaka, the fastest-growing city". BBC News. 2010-07-07. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/10542218.stm.
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[edit] Further reading
* Ahmed, Sharifuddin (1991). Dhaka: Past, Present and Future. The Asiatic Society, Dhaka. ISBN 984-512-335-0.
* Karim, Abdul (1992). History of Bengal, Mughal Period (I). Rajshahi.
* Pryer, Jane (2003). Poverty and Vulnerability in Dhaka Slums: The Urban Livelihood Study. Ashgate Publishing. OCLC 123337526 OCLC 243482310 OCLC 50334244 OCLC 50939515. ISBN 0-7546-1864-1.
* Rabbani, Golam (1997). Dhaka, from Mughal outpost to metropolis. University Press, Dhaka. ISBN 9840513745.
* Sarkar, Sir Jadunath (1948). History of Bengal (II). Dhaka.
* Taifoor, S.M. (1956). Glimpses of Old Dacca. Dhaka.
* Official Dhaka City Corporation website
* Encyclopedia Britannica Article on Dhaka
* Banglapedia (the national encyclopedia of Bangladesh) article on Dhaka
* Dhaka travel guide from Wikitravel
* Scrapbook of Bangladesh
* Bangladesh: Dhaka Rising – video by Global Post
* Food of Old Dhaka
I like your blog site.
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